Object Order Periodic Sentence Lynn University Un

Question 1(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

(1) So likewise, a passionate attachment of one nation for another produces a variety of evils. Sympathy for the favorite nation, facilitating the illusion of an imaginary common interest in cases where no real common interest exists, and infusing into one the enmities of the other, betrays the former into a participation in the quarrels and wars of the latter without adequate inducement or justification. It leads also to concessions to the favorite nation of privileges denied to others which is apt doubly to injure the nation making the concessions; by unnecessarily parting with what ought to have been retained, and by exciting jealousy, ill-will, and a disposition to retaliate, in the parties from whom equal privileges are withheld.

(2) As avenues to foreign influence in innumerable ways, such attachments are particularly alarming to the truly enlightened and independent patriot. How many opportunities do they afford to tamper with domestic factions, to practice the arts of seduction, to mislead public opinion, to influence or awe the public councils? Such an attachment of a small or weak towards a great and powerful nation dooms the former to be the satellite of the latter.

(3) Against the insidious wiles of foreign influence (I conjure you to believe me, fellow-citizens) the jealousy of a free people ought to be constantly awake, since history and experience prove that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of republican government. But that jealousy to be useful must be impartial; else it becomes the instrument of the very influence to be avoided, instead of a defense against it. Excessive partiality for one foreign nation and excessive dislike of another cause those whom they actuate to see danger only on one side, and serve to veil and even second the arts of influence on the other. Real patriots who may resist the intrigues of the favorite are liable to become suspected and odious, while its tools and dupes usurp the applause and confidence of the people, to surrender their interests.

(4) The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none; or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities.

(5) Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one people under an efficient government, the period is not far off when we may defy material injury from external annoyance; when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously respected; when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation; when we may choose peace or war, as our interest, guided by justice, shall counsel.

(6) Why forego the advantages of so peculiar a situation? Why quit our own to stand upon foreign ground? Why, by interweaving our destiny with that of any part of Europe, entangle our peace and prosperity in the toils of European ambition, rivalship, interest, humor or caprice?

(7) It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world; so far, I mean, as we are now at liberty to do it; for let me not be understood as capable of patronizing infidelity to existing engagements. I hold the maxim no less applicable to public than to private affairs, that honesty is always the best policy. I repeat it, therefore, let those engagements be observed in their genuine sense. But, in my opinion, it is unnecessary and would be unwise to extend them.

What is the relationship between paragraphs four and seven in the excerpt?

Paragraph seven presents an exception to the assertion developed in paragraph four. Both paragraphs establish the character of the nation and its commitments. Paragraph four asserts an idea with examples while paragraph seven simply states the idea. Both paragraphs develop an extended metaphor through references to foreign countries.

Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from a nineteenth-century speech given in Massachusetts after the conviction of a fugitive slave.1

(1) I walk toward one of our ponds; but what signifies the beauty of nature when men are base? We walk to lakes to see our serenity reflected in them; when we are not serene, we go not to them. Who can be serene in a country where both the rulers and the ruled are without principle? The remembrance of my country spoils my walk. My thoughts are murder to the State, and involuntarily go plotting against her.

(2) But it chanced the other day that I scented a white water-lily, and a season I had waited for had arrived. It is the emblem of purity. It bursts up so pure and fair to the eye, and so sweet to the scent, as if to show us what purity and sweetness reside in, and can be extracted from, the slime and muck of earth. I think I have plucked the first one that has opened for a mile. What confirmation of our hopes is in the fragrance of this flower! I shall not so soon despair of the world for it, notwithstanding slavery, and the cowardice and want of principle of Northern men. It suggests what kind of laws have prevailed longest and widest, and still prevail, and that the time may come when man’s deeds will smell as sweet. Such is the odor which the plant emits. If Nature can compound this fragrance still annually, I shall believe her still young and full of vigor, her integrity and genius unimpaired, and that there is virtue even in man, too, who is fitted to perceive and love it. It reminds me that Nature has been partner to no Missouri Compromise. I scent no compromise in the fragrance of the water-lily. It is not a Nymphoea Douglasii.2 In it, the sweet, and pure, and innocent are wholly sundered from the obscene and baleful. I do not scent in this the time-serving irresolution of a Massachusetts Governor, nor of a Boston Mayor. So behave that the odor of your actions may enhance the general sweetness of the atmosphere, that when we behold or scent a flower, we may not be reminded how inconsistent your deeds are with it; for all odor is but one form of advertisement of a moral quality, and if fair actions had not been performed, the lily would not smell sweet. The foul slime stands for the sloth and vice of man, the decay of humanity; the fragrant flower that springs from it, for the purity and courage which are immortal.

(3) Slavery and servility have produced no sweet-scented flower annually, to charm the senses of men, for they have no real life: they are merely a decaying and a death, offensive to all healthy nostrils. We do not complain that they live, but that they do not get buried. Let the living bury them: even they are good for manure.

1The Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress in 1850. It required that all escaped slaves were returned to their masters even if they were discovered in a free state. Assisting or helping hide fugitive slaves became a federal offense with prison time and fines.

2A reference to Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the primary author of the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act. A water lily’s botanical name is Nymphaea Odorata.

The effect of italicizing the word “live” in paragraph three is to

stress that the nation can move forward by burying the misdeeds of the past clarify the speaker’s use of sarcasm in the final statement caution the reader against taking action illustrate the metaphor used throughout the passage

Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

Which word best describes the tone of the third paragraph?

Aggravated Cautionary Zealous Detached

Question 5(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from a nineteenth-century speech given in Massachusetts after the conviction of a fugitive slave.1

2A reference to Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the primary author of the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act. A water lily’s botanical name is Nymphaea Odorata.

The author’s attitude toward slavery can best be described as

pragmatic, because slavery is a necessary evil understanding, as slavery is a way of life for some loathsome, because slavery is an inexcusable evil philosophical, as slavery is an issue worthy of debate

Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

In the first sentence of paragraph 3 (reproduced below), the writer is considering deleting the bolded text, adjusting the punctuation as necessary.

Against the insidious wiles of foreign influence (I conjure you to believe me, fellow-citizens) the jealousy of a free people ought to be constantly awake, since history and experience prove that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of republican government.

Should the writer keep or delete the bolded text?

Keep it, because it provides support for the writer’s claim that these kinds of relationships are dangerous and harmful. Keep it, because it presents evidence for the counterargument, showing that the writer has considered alternate perspectives. Delete it, because it creates unnecessary wordiness and clutters an already lengthy and complicated sentence. Delete it, because it contradicts the writer’s overall argument which is developed later in the speech.

Question 7(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from a nineteenth-century speech given in Massachusetts after the conviction of a fugitive slave.1

(2) But it chanced the other day that I scented a white water-lily, and a season I had waited for had arrived. It is the emblem of purity. It bursts up so pure and fair to the eye, and so sweet to the scent, as if to show us what purity and sweetness reside in, and can be extracted from, the slime and muck of earth. I think I have plucked the first one that has opened for a mile. What confirmation of our hopes is in the fragrance of this flower! I shall not so soon despair of the world for it, notwithstanding slavery, and the cowardice and want of principle of Northern men. It suggests what kind of laws have prevailed longest and widest, and still prevail, and that the time may come when man’s deeds will smell as sweet. Such is the odor which the plant emits. If Nature can compound this fragrance still annually, I shall believe her still young and full of vigor, her integrity and genius unimpaired, and that there is virtue even in man, too, who is fitted to perceive and love it. It reminds me that Nature has been partner to no Missouri Compromise. I scent no compromise in the fragrance of the water-lily. It is not a Nymphoea Douglasii.2 In it, the sweet, and pure, and innocent are wholly sundered from the obscene and baleful. I do not scent in this the time-serving irresolution of a Massachusetts Governor, nor of a Boston Mayor. So behave that the odor of your actions may enhance the general sweetness of the atmosphere, that when we behold or scent a flower, we may not be reminded how inconsistent your deeds are with it; for all odor is but one form of advertisement of a moral quality, and if fair actions had not been performed, the lily would not smell sweet. The foul slime stands for the sloth and vice of man, the decay of humanity; the fragrant flower that springs from it, for the purity and courage which are immortal.

(3) Slavery and servility have produced no sweet-scented flower annually, to charm the senses of men, for they have no real life: they are merely a decaying and a death, offensive to all healthy nostrils. We do not complain that they live, but that they do not get buried. Let the living bury them: even they are good for manure.

2A reference to Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the primary author of the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act. A water lily’s botanical name is Nymphaea Odorata.

The writer is working on a new version of the passage and wants to include an explicit statement of the passage’s thesis. Which of the following would best serve as a thesis statement for the passage?

All those enslaved by society—whether forced or self-inflicted slavery, physical or mental slavery—can find peace within nature. Slavery is the bane of our society and a blight on our country’s reputation; only through full eradication of the institution can we be truly free. If humanity can learn from Nature, it would learn to let the decaying things die so that hope, beauty, and life can emerge. To truly appreciate the true nature of man, one must go directly to nature, where lakes and flowers can inspire us to do better and be better.

Question 8(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from a nineteenth-century speech given in Massachusetts after the conviction of a fugitive slave.1

2A reference to Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the primary author of the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act. A water lily’s botanical name is Nymphaea Odorata.

In paragraph two, the foul slime functions as a metaphor for the

lost hope of progress evils of humanity inconsistency of politicians fate of fugitive slaves

Question 9(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none; or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities.

Which sentence signals a tone shift?

“So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith.” “Here let us stop.” “Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none; or a very remote relation.” “Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns.”

Question 11(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

In paragraph two, the author describes one type of nation as a “satellite” to another to

depict the nation that looks out for others that are less able as admirable and significant validate the need for the protection that foreign alliances can provide for some countries describe the complicated yet productive relationship of countries with alliances characterize the unequal partnership that results from alliances with other countries

Question 12(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

Which of the following stylistic features is used in the sentence, “So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled in good faith”?

Inversion of normal subject/verb/object order Periodic sentence structure Sentence fragments for emphasis Repetition of sentence structure

Question 13(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

Which rhetorical strategy does the author adopt in paragraph seven?

He lists examples and then asserts his position in a declarative statement. He begins with a tone shift followed by a list of examples illustrating his claim. He acknowledges the opposition and then justifies his position with examples. He clarifies his claim by recognizing a condition of carrying out his position.

Question 14(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage from G.K. Chesterton’s “The Philosophy of the Schoolroom” and answer the question.

“(1) What modern people want to be made to understand is simply that all argument begins with an assumption; that is, with something that you do not doubt. (2) You can, of course, if you like, doubt the assumption at the beginning of your argument, but in that case you are beginning a different argument with another assumption at the beginning of it. (3) Every argument begins with an infallible dogma, and that infallible dogma can only be disputed by falling back on some other infallible dogma; you can never prove your first statement or it would not be your first. (4) All this is the alphabet of thinking. (5) And it has this special and positive point about it that it can be taught in a school, like the other alphabet. (6) Not to start an argument without stating your postulates could be taught in philosophy as it is taught in Euclid, in a common schoolroom with a blackboard. (7) And I think it might be taught in some simple and rational degree even to the young, before they go out into the streets and are delivered over entirely to the logic and philosophy of the Daily Mail.”

The writer is considering adding the following sentence after sentence 4.

In other words, you cannot argue c without considering and including a and b as part of your argument.

Should the writer add this sentence after sentence 4?

No, because it makes the argument too simplistic and does not match the writer’s complex syntax. No, because it detracts from the direct and easily understood statement in sentence 4. Yes, because it develops the counterargument more fully by including with a direct example. Yes, because it reduces the complexity of the argument and elaborates on the idea in sentence 4.

Question 15(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from a nineteenth-century speech given in Massachusetts after the conviction of a fugitive slave.1

2A reference to Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the primary author of the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act. A water lily’s botanical name is Nymphaea Odorata.

The function of footnote one is to

explain the dangerous nature of being an abolitionist provide a historical context for the speech establish the unethical nature of the Fugitive Slave Act define the Fugitive Slave Act and its origins

Question 16(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from a nineteenth-century speech given in Massachusetts after the conviction of a fugitive slave.1

2A reference to Senator Stephen A. Douglas, the primary author of the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act. A water lily’s botanical name is Nymphaea Odorata.

The final sentence implies that the speaker

is unsure of what actions should be taken in the future agrees with the recent decisions of lawmakers and activists feels that death and decay can lead to beauty and hope feels there is no hope for a positive outcome for the nation

Question 17(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

Why does the writer use the maxim, “Honesty is the best policy,” in the conclusion of this excerpt?

To demonstrate that he will honor the country’s existing engagements because of his own values To remind his audience that he is someone they can trust and turn to in difficult times To distract from the counterclaim that other countries are in need of assistance To emphasize the importance of strong moral character in the face of opposition

Question 18(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answer.

This passage is taken from an eighteenth-century letter from a president to the citizens of the United States of America.

Object Order Periodic Sentence Lynn University Un

Question 1(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 5(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

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Question 8(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

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Question 13(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 14(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 15(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 16(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 17(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

Question 18(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)

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