Knowing Specific Interpretations Helps Psychology

Book: http://www.bud.ooo/download/9781506357355.pdf

Find answer from: Chapter 4 – The Role of Culture

QUESTION 1

1.Based on the report Mental Health: Culture, Race, Ethnicity, which of the following options best exemplifies how professionals can adhere to its message?

	a.	Modifying therapy sessions based on the client’s background information.
	b.	Collaborating with other professionals who may know about other cultures.
	c.	Reading books about other cultures and applying the material during sessions.
	d.	Providing more information about their own culture so the client can acclimate.

0.5 points

QUESTION 2

1.Despite the claim that positive psychology is balanced, what did Martin Seligman indicate was lacking in positive psychology?

	a.	an understanding of how to properly balance information from other fields
	b.	interest in continuing to use empirical measures and research
	c.	the ability to rule out cultural factors in diagnosing mental illness
	d.	discussions of the importance of culture when distinguishing strengths and weaknesses

0.5 points

QUESTION 3

1.Satcher stated that culture needed to be viewed in a broad sense. Which of these is a facet of culture that he mentioned?

	a.	socioeconomic status
	b.	prosocial activities
	c.	knowledge
	d.	personality

0.5 points

QUESTION 4

1.What is a culture bound syndrome?

	a.	A set of symptoms that is much more common in some societies than in others.
	b.	A set of symptoms that has arisen because of faulty or incomplete socialization.
	c.	The tendency for people from immigrant cultures to avoid seeking help from mainstream health-care professionals.
	d.	A set of symptoms that has arisen because of the clash between an immigrant’s culture of origin and mainstream American culture.

0.5 points

QUESTION 5

1.Regarding culture, barriers to effective treatment of clients by professionals can stem from ______.

	a.	unwillingness to learn about inferior cultures
	b.	the desire to treat clients only from a similar background
	c.	divergence in viewpoints because of dissimilar cultural backgrounds
	d.	the client having a low income

0.5 points

QUESTION 6

1.In regard to race and culture, what was the conclusion of research done by anthropologists and psychologists during the late 1800s and early 1900s?

	a.	The dominant racial or cultural group, those of European ancestry, was superior to all ethnic or cultural minorities.
	b.	Minority racial or cultural groups had more positive features than the majority group and were only kept out of power because of insufficient population numbers.
	c.	Minority cultural groups had positive features that were recognized, appreciated, and incorporated by majority cultural groups, which is what kept the majority group in power.
	d.	Cultures gave unique positive and negative features but that none were altogether better or worse.

0.5 points

QUESTION 7

1.Which of these is an example of a method of pseudoscience used to uphold the views of European and European-American superiority?

	a.	craniometry
	b.	reflexology
	c.	astrology
	d.	numerology

0.5 points

QUESTION 8

1.Which of the following best describes the culturally different perspective currently held by psychologists and anthropologists?

	a.	All cultures are different, but some are better depending on what they produce.
	b.	Analyzing a culture is nearly impossible because of great individual differences held by people within the population.
	c.	Each culture has the full potential to grow due to the unique strengths produced within that culture.
	d.	Most cultures are very similar, but ones with extreme differences are usually ostracized and oppressed.

0.5 points

QUESTION 9

1.After decades of focus on deficiency, many psychologists focused on a culturally different model which emphasized what aspect?

	a.	That individual differences within cultures are much more important than group differences across cultures.
	b.	That one cannot and should not attempt to label cultural attributes as either positive or negative.
	c.	That the study of cultural and racial deficiencies revealed enough information about cultures to support the different, and occasionally oppressive, treatment of various groups.
	d.	That each culture has its own unique strengths and has positive features to offer to greater society.

0.5 points

QUESTION 10

1.When there is recognition of a distinct cultural entity and adoption of some values from the majority group, this phenomenon is referred to as ______.

	a.	a cultural melting pot
	b.	multiculturalism
	c.	cultural assimilation
	d.	cultural pluralism

0.5 points

QUESTION 11

1.Which of the following describes a way in which the culturally deficient model differed from the genetically deficient model?

	a.	The culturally deficient model focused on external factors, such as environment.
	b.	The culturally deficient model favored Whites.
	c.	The culturally deficient model came after mass migration to the United States.
	d.	The culturally deficient model attended to cognitive abilities.

0.5 points

QUESTION 12

1.What is the culturally embedded perspective on science and practice?

	a.	acknowledgement of the influence of cultural values in examining strength and positive functioning
	b.	being unable to see through one’s own cultural perspective to understand people of other cultures
	c.	recognition that culture has no impact on either science or practice because of the insignificant variance between cultures
	d.	holding a neutral stance while examining universal traits and behaviors

0.5 points

QUESTION 13

1.Sandage, Hill, and Vang examined the trait of forgiveness among Hmong Americans. What difference did they notice exists between Hmong and other conceptualizations of forgiveness?

	a.	Other cultures emphasize cognitive and spiritual elements of forgiveness.
	b.	Spiritual components and third-party mediation of forgiveness are more prevalent among the Hmong.
	c.	The Hmong forgive others more easily than people from other cultures.
	d.	Hmong Americans undergo a shorter process of forgiveness when compared to other cultures.

0.5 points

QUESTION 14

1.Which of the following statements is true regarding how cultures view the construct of wisdom?

	a.	People from Eastern cultures tend to view wisdom only as subjective in nature.
	b.	People from all over the world overview the construct of wisdom as affective in nature.
	c.	Americans from the majority culture tend to view wisdom only as cognitive in nature.
	d.	Americans from the majority culture tend to view wisdom as both as affective and cognitive in nature.

0.5 points

QUESTION 15

1.Which of the following best describes the underlying reason for the idea that positive psychology needs to be more attentive to specific interpretations of strengths?

	a.	The meanings of strengths and virtues can be drastically different between cultures, and these differences are typically unexplored.
	b.	An understanding of virtues allows researchers to know which society is lacking in the development of psychological strengths.
	c.	Knowing specific interpretations helps researchers understand which interpretation is superior.
	d.	The definitions of strengths and virtues can be passed on to all citizens to increase multicultural competence.

0.5 points

QUESTION 16

1.To understand how a strength or process becomes valued within a culture, how should studies should be conducted?

	a.	cross culturally and between nations
	b.	across nations and within diverse nations
	c.	in nations that have high rates of immigration
	d.	in nations that are high in homogeneity

0.5 points

QUESTION 17

1.What idea was supported by the study on the use of coping strategies across cultures?

	a.	The use of coping strategies largely depends on someone’s income.
	b.	People who use coping strategies more often are likely to recommend them to people from other cultures.
	c.	Coping strategies are not useful for understanding life outcomes.
	d.	There needs to be caution when assuming there are universal benefits to using similar coping strategies.

0.5 points

QUESTION 18

1.Researches examine a group of people who are satisfied by meeting basic needs, such as having food and shelter. Which of the following concepts are these researchers trying to understand?

	a.	The relationship between obtaining necessities and intelligence test scores.
	b.	The connection between people’s livelihood and the resources they can afford.
	c.	The cultural factors that influence individual views on what represents the good life.
	d.	The influence of the hierarchy of needs on people’s ability to grow.

0.5 points

QUESTION 19

1.Ponterotto defines the multicultural personality as a strengths-based cluster of personality traits that predicts ______.

	a.	a person’s ability to integrate into the larger world culture
	b.	how someone values a public policy of multiculturalism
	c.	cultural adjustment and quality of life outcomes
	d.	whether an individual is aware of strengths from other cultures

0.5 points

QUESTION 20

1.Which of the following is something that marginalized groups can contribute to the study of culture within positive psychology?

	a.	monetary resources that can help fund research on culture
	b.	wisdom and experiences that pertains to developing resilience
	c.	more competent researchers and practitioners
	d.	views on how to develop similarly to those in the majority culture

Knowing Specific Interpretations Helps Psychology

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