Individual Experimental Data Versus Ucsd Phenotyp

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Individual Experimental Data Versus Ucsd Phenotyp

This is Activity, and I will send you the graphs

1. How would you describe each of the three relative frequency distributions (genome position, instruction identity, total number of mutations) for the entire course data?

2. How is random mutation in Avida-ED similar to random mutation in biological systems?

3. How would you reconcile your responses to the above two questions – each person’s individual experimental data versus data from the entire course?

Homework:

1. Each of the species concepts (morphospecies, biological, and phylogenetic) have strengths and weaknesses. Compare and contrast all three, and evaluate them for their relative usefulness.

2. Suppose a bird population that qualifies as a single species according to the Biological Species Concept (BSC) is separated into two isolated populations by an advancing glacier during an Ice Age. What will happen when the glacier retreats, allowing the two populations to come back together (secondary contact)? Be sure to account for all possible outcomes.

3. When the Panama land bridge between North and South America was uncovered, some North American mammal lineages crossed to South America and underwent dramatic radiations. For terrestrial species, did the completion of the land bridge represent a vicariance or dispersal event? Did the recent construction of the Panama Canal represent a vicariance or dispersal event for terrestrial organisms? For marine organisms?

4. Archaeopteryx represents on of group of transitional fossils between older (extinct) dinosaur lineages and modern (extant) ones, i.e., birds. What does the phylogenetic position of Archaeopteryx tell us about the evolution of morphological adaptations for flight in birds with respect to the relative timing of the evolution of feathers vs. muscular and skeletal modifications?

5. The classical hypothesis of speciation is comprised of a three-phase process. What are the three phases? (Consult your textbook.) Does speciation always occur through each of the three phases?