History of Public Health and Medicine

What obstacles and challenges did African Americans face in entering the medical professions as physicians, nurses, etc.?  How did African Americans challenge barriers and overcome obstacles to their development and recognition as professionals in the field of medicine?  Did the federal government and professional associations help or hinder African Americans’ efforts to enter the health professions?  Why did African American professionals organize their own professional associations?  In your response to the prompt, please provide specific examples from any 2 of the 3 assigned articles for this week.


Only use the readings that I have uploaded for this assignment to answer the questions.

References and in-text citations are needed.

The discussion board is required to be a minimum of 200 words in length which is less than a page.