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Social determinants of health are defined as the conditions in the environment in which people are born, live, work, play, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks (ODPHP, 2019). Higher Income and social status has been linked to better health. Lower education levels have been linked with poor health. When talking about the physical environment, clean air, water, and sanitation all contribute to good health. A good support system from friends and family is linked to better health. Genetics plays a critical role in lifespan. Access and the use of preventative services plays a critical role in influencing health, and men and women vary differently in different disease processes across the genders (WHO, 2019). The fundamental idea that the communicable disease chain model is designed to represent is the spread of the communicable disease from one host, or person, to another. The idea is that people can break the chain at any of these points, therefore, stopping the spread of the disease. Nurses have a duty to keep their patients safe and free from harm. Hand hygiene is a very important step to break the link within the communicable disease chain. Alcohol-based rubs entering the patients room, before gloves, after gloves, after touching the patients, in between, soap and water. There is never enough hand washing that can be done in the hospital setting among all healthcare professionals. According to the CDC, hand hygiene is the number 1 way to prevent the spread of infection (CDC, 2018).

Sources

CDC. (2018). Handwashing:Clean Hands Save Lives. Retrieved from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/

ODPHP. (2019). Social Determinants of Health. Retrieved from Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectiv…

WHO. (2019). Health Impact Assessment. Retrieved from World Health Organization: https://www.who.int/hia/evidence/doh/en/