Artisan Associations Avoided Economic Social Impa

Question 1 (5 points)

Which statement is true regarding the Ford Pinto situation?

Question 1 options:

	a) About half of the Pinto prototypes passed the 20 mph test.
	b) Ralph Nader demonized the Ford Motor Company in his book Unsafe at Any Speed.
	c) The decision to produce the Pinto was based on a cost-benefit analysis.
	d) The average repair would have cost about $20 per vehicle.

Question 2 (5 points)

Which statement best describes the views of behaviorist John Watson?

Question 2 options:

	a) All human behavior amounts to differentiating pleasure and pain.
	b) Free will is the unpredictable aspect of human behavior.
	c) About 50 percent of human behavior results from classical conditioning.
	d) All human behavior amounts to patterns of stimulus and response.

Question 3 (5 points)

In a famous experiment, a dog drools at a sound that is made just before meals. This is considered a(n) _______ response.

Question 3 options:

	a) automated
	b) neutralized
	c) behavioral
	d) conditioned

Question 4 (5 points)

Which legal principle asserts that shareholders should be first in line to benefit from company profits?

Question 4 options:

	a) Return on investment
	b) Executive compensation
	c) Investor attraction
	d) Fiduciary responsibility

Question 5 (5 points)

The term _______ applies when corporations refuse to take responsibility for ecological and social damage, such as water pollution, caused by their operations.

Question 5 options:

	a) externalities
	b) operational contingencies
	c) free will
	d) classical conditioning

Question 6 (5 points)

Socially accepted codes of behavior are called

Question 6 options:

	a) morals.
	b) laws.
	c) ethics.
	d) rules.

Question 7 (5 points)

In general, we acquire our moral compass from the process of _______, by which we’re inducted into a particular culture’s worldview.

Question 7 options:

	a) socialization
	b) introspection
	c) legitimation
	d) intuition

Question 8 (5 points)

Hopi children learn that Spider Woman spun the world and all of its creatures. According to Parsons, such myths help society to _______ the peoples’ worldview.

Question 8 options:

	a) objectify
	b) legitimize
	c) integrate
	d) intensify

Question 9 (5 points)

With respect to establishing a just and virtuous social order, how does Braid Reid characterize the role of the legal system in the world of business?

Question 9 options:

	a) It’s a vital tool when properly applied.
	b) It can be effective, but only when competitors agree to trust each other.
	c) It’s ineffective, as it’s the default position when trust is absent.
	d) The legal system can assure ethical behavior in the settlement of disputes.

Question 10 (5 points)

Enron executives used _______ to falsify financial statements.

Question 10 options:

	a) stockholder knowledge
	b) employee pensions
	c) creative accounting
	d) independent reviewers

Question 11 (5 points)

Which of these is a characteristic of an objective mode culture?

Question 11 options:

	a) Knowledge is acquired through abstract concepts.
	b) Understanding relies on insight and intuition.
	c) Mental processing follows a nonlinear view.
	d) Culture depends on imagination to seek patterns and connections.

Question 12 (5 points)

Why was the queen of Hawaii deposed?

Question 12 options:

	a) She was heavily indebted to the Dole Company.
	b) She wanted to restore Hawaiian sovereignty.
	c) She sought to raise tariffs on import products.
	d) She threatened an armed revolt against American occupation.

Question 13 (5 points)

According to Brad Reid, one’s moral compass expresses _______ virtues that generally trump a code of ethics.

Question 13 options:

	a) common sense
	b) traditional
	c) historical
	d) intuitive

Question 14 (5 points)

For the first sixteen years of Ben & Jerry’s operations, the ratio between the lowest paid employee to the highest paid top executive was 1 to

Question 14 options:

	a) 10.
	b) 8.
	c) 7.
	d) 5.

Question 15 (5 points)

According to Egbert Schuurman, which statement is true regarding economic transactions prior to the Industrial Revolution?

Question 15 options:

	a) Craft guilds and artisan associations avoided economic involvement.
	b) Codes of conduct were considered vital to the social order.
	c) The spread of new technologies balanced the social equation.
	d) Economic transactions were an important aspect of social relations.

Question 16 (5 points)

In a modern society’s decision making, which of the following institutions comes closest to playing the role formerly filled by a council of tribal elders?

Question 16 options:

	a) Labor unions
	b) State governments
	c) Interest groups
	d) Churches

Question 17 (5 points)

In tribal societies, the nuclear family is embedded in a(n)

Question 17 options:

	a) communal group.
	b) kinship system.
	c) fictional group.
	d) extended nuclear family.

Question 18 (5 points)

All of the following are considered corporate stakeholders, except

Question 18 options:

	a) competitors.
	b) shareholders.
	c) community members.
	d) society at large.

Question 19 (5 points)

Why was it a problem for Nestle to market artificial formula to impoverished women in developing countries?

Question 19 options:

	a) The women were barely literate.
	b) Clean water was scarce.
	c) Fuel was required to prepare the product.
	d) All of the above

Question 20 (5 points)

To attract investors and increase profits, corporations do all of the following, except

Question 20 options:

	a) suppress wages.
	b) lower staff numbers.
	c) replace people with automation.
	d) reduce executive compensation.