Knowing Specific Interpretations Helps Psychology
Book: http://www.bud.ooo/download/9781506357355.pdf
Find answer from: Chapter 4 – The Role of Culture
QUESTION 1
1.Based on the report Mental Health: Culture, Race, Ethnicity, which of the following options best exemplifies how professionals can adhere to its message?
a. |
Modifying therapy sessions based on the client’s background information. |
|
b. |
Collaborating with other professionals who may know about other cultures. |
|
c. |
Reading books about other cultures and applying the material during sessions. |
|
d. |
Providing more information about their own culture so the client can acclimate. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 2
1.Despite the claim that positive psychology is balanced, what did Martin Seligman indicate was lacking in positive psychology?
a. |
an understanding of how to properly balance information from other fields |
|
b. |
interest in continuing to use empirical measures and research |
|
c. |
the ability to rule out cultural factors in diagnosing mental illness |
|
d. |
discussions of the importance of culture when distinguishing strengths and weaknesses |
0.5 points
QUESTION 3
1.Satcher stated that culture needed to be viewed in a broad sense. Which of these is a facet of culture that he mentioned?
a. |
socioeconomic status |
|
b. |
prosocial activities |
|
c. |
knowledge |
|
d. |
personality |
0.5 points
QUESTION 4
1.What is a culture bound syndrome?
a. |
A set of symptoms that is much more common in some societies than in others. |
|
b. |
A set of symptoms that has arisen because of faulty or incomplete socialization. |
|
c. |
The tendency for people from immigrant cultures to avoid seeking help from mainstream health-care professionals. |
|
d. |
A set of symptoms that has arisen because of the clash between an immigrant’s culture of origin and mainstream American culture. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 5
1.Regarding culture, barriers to effective treatment of clients by professionals can stem from ______.
a. |
unwillingness to learn about inferior cultures |
|
b. |
the desire to treat clients only from a similar background |
|
c. |
divergence in viewpoints because of dissimilar cultural backgrounds |
|
d. |
the client having a low income |
0.5 points
QUESTION 6
1.In regard to race and culture, what was the conclusion of research done by anthropologists and psychologists during the late 1800s and early 1900s?
a. |
The dominant racial or cultural group, those of European ancestry, was superior to all ethnic or cultural minorities. |
|
b. |
Minority racial or cultural groups had more positive features than the majority group and were only kept out of power because of insufficient population numbers. |
|
c. |
Minority cultural groups had positive features that were recognized, appreciated, and incorporated by majority cultural groups, which is what kept the majority group in power. |
|
d. |
Cultures gave unique positive and negative features but that none were altogether better or worse. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 7
1.Which of these is an example of a method of pseudoscience used to uphold the views of European and European-American superiority?
a. |
craniometry |
|
b. |
reflexology |
|
c. |
astrology |
|
d. |
numerology |
0.5 points
QUESTION 8
1.Which of the following best describes the culturally different perspective currently held by psychologists and anthropologists?
a. |
All cultures are different, but some are better depending on what they produce. |
|
b. |
Analyzing a culture is nearly impossible because of great individual differences held by people within the population. |
|
c. |
Each culture has the full potential to grow due to the unique strengths produced within that culture. |
|
d. |
Most cultures are very similar, but ones with extreme differences are usually ostracized and oppressed. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 9
1.After decades of focus on deficiency, many psychologists focused on a culturally different model which emphasized what aspect?
a. |
That individual differences within cultures are much more important than group differences across cultures. |
|
b. |
That one cannot and should not attempt to label cultural attributes as either positive or negative. |
|
c. |
That the study of cultural and racial deficiencies revealed enough information about cultures to support the different, and occasionally oppressive, treatment of various groups. |
|
d. |
That each culture has its own unique strengths and has positive features to offer to greater society. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 10
1.When there is recognition of a distinct cultural entity and adoption of some values from the majority group, this phenomenon is referred to as ______.
a. |
a cultural melting pot |
|
b. |
multiculturalism |
|
c. |
cultural assimilation |
|
d. |
cultural pluralism |
0.5 points
QUESTION 11
1.Which of the following describes a way in which the culturally deficient model differed from the genetically deficient model?
a. |
The culturally deficient model focused on external factors, such as environment. |
|
b. |
The culturally deficient model favored Whites. |
|
c. |
The culturally deficient model came after mass migration to the United States. |
|
d. |
The culturally deficient model attended to cognitive abilities. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 12
1.What is the culturally embedded perspective on science and practice?
a. |
acknowledgement of the influence of cultural values in examining strength and positive functioning |
|
b. |
being unable to see through one’s own cultural perspective to understand people of other cultures |
|
c. |
recognition that culture has no impact on either science or practice because of the insignificant variance between cultures |
|
d. |
holding a neutral stance while examining universal traits and behaviors |
0.5 points
QUESTION 13
1.Sandage, Hill, and Vang examined the trait of forgiveness among Hmong Americans. What difference did they notice exists between Hmong and other conceptualizations of forgiveness?
a. |
Other cultures emphasize cognitive and spiritual elements of forgiveness. |
|
b. |
Spiritual components and third-party mediation of forgiveness are more prevalent among the Hmong. |
|
c. |
The Hmong forgive others more easily than people from other cultures. |
|
d. |
Hmong Americans undergo a shorter process of forgiveness when compared to other cultures. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 14
1.Which of the following statements is true regarding how cultures view the construct of wisdom?
a. |
People from Eastern cultures tend to view wisdom only as subjective in nature. |
|
b. |
People from all over the world overview the construct of wisdom as affective in nature. |
|
c. |
Americans from the majority culture tend to view wisdom only as cognitive in nature. |
|
d. |
Americans from the majority culture tend to view wisdom as both as affective and cognitive in nature. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 15
1.Which of the following best describes the underlying reason for the idea that positive psychology needs to be more attentive to specific interpretations of strengths?
a. |
The meanings of strengths and virtues can be drastically different between cultures, and these differences are typically unexplored. |
|
b. |
An understanding of virtues allows researchers to know which society is lacking in the development of psychological strengths. |
|
c. |
Knowing specific interpretations helps researchers understand which interpretation is superior. |
|
d. |
The definitions of strengths and virtues can be passed on to all citizens to increase multicultural competence. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 16
1.To understand how a strength or process becomes valued within a culture, how should studies should be conducted?
a. |
cross culturally and between nations |
|
b. |
across nations and within diverse nations |
|
c. |
in nations that have high rates of immigration |
|
d. |
in nations that are high in homogeneity |
0.5 points
QUESTION 17
1.What idea was supported by the study on the use of coping strategies across cultures?
a. |
The use of coping strategies largely depends on someone’s income. |
|
b. |
People who use coping strategies more often are likely to recommend them to people from other cultures. |
|
c. |
Coping strategies are not useful for understanding life outcomes. |
|
d. |
There needs to be caution when assuming there are universal benefits to using similar coping strategies. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 18
1.Researches examine a group of people who are satisfied by meeting basic needs, such as having food and shelter. Which of the following concepts are these researchers trying to understand?
a. |
The relationship between obtaining necessities and intelligence test scores. |
|
b. |
The connection between people’s livelihood and the resources they can afford. |
|
c. |
The cultural factors that influence individual views on what represents the good life. |
|
d. |
The influence of the hierarchy of needs on people’s ability to grow. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 19
1.Ponterotto defines the multicultural personality as a strengths-based cluster of personality traits that predicts ______.
a. |
a person’s ability to integrate into the larger world culture |
|
b. |
how someone values a public policy of multiculturalism |
|
c. |
cultural adjustment and quality of life outcomes |
|
d. |
whether an individual is aware of strengths from other cultures |
0.5 points
QUESTION 20
1.Which of the following is something that marginalized groups can contribute to the study of culture within positive psychology?
a. |
monetary resources that can help fund research on culture |
|
b. |
wisdom and experiences that pertains to developing resilience |
|
c. |
more competent researchers and practitioners |
|
d. |
views on how to develop similarly to those in the majority culture |